My lab technician showed me protein separation and detection used in gene therapy. Proteins can be separated by size with SDS PAGE (polyacrylamide) gel and stacking gel, which I made. Western blots are used to detect proteins, which uses protein-specific antibodies to visualize protein bands. We went to a room and pipetted chemiluminescence over the surface of a western blot paper and placed it in a machine. The B-actin (in all proteins) showed a bold line of fragments.
^Ellie’s membrane with protein samples (not visible) after adding primary and secondary antibodies